Knights in White Satin essays

Knights in White Satin papers In a general public where the media makes generalizations, features flawed famous people as good examples, and frequently harms more than helps the general population with its frantic scramble for evaluations, melodic articulation is a marker of the occasions, not a reason for violations. On the off chance that Ice-Ts brutal and corrupting melody is hostile, it is on the grounds that the audience members request hostile. They need to revolt, to stun the world, and melodic craftsmen are more than ready to get them out. The issues of broken homes, misdirected adolescents, and a culture excessively dependent on its own forces and insufficient on God are in this way reflected in the kind of music it tunes in to. Despite the fact that the damaging verses of artists, particularly rappers, are painful to a few, the performers have a similar protected rights that each other resident of the United States has. The First Amendment was initially made to furnish people with the opportunity to sta nd in opposition to the administration, however it additionally incorporates each other kind of discourse that might be restricted because of its hostile nature. In certain nations, it is viewed as a wrongdoing to try and express assessments that vary from the possessions of the gathering in power. In the United States, in any case, we have the Bill of Rights that ensures each individual with any suppositions the right to speak freely of discourse. That incorporates each sort of discourse. How could the administration make a law blue penciling all hostile language? The term hostile is too wide to be in any way characterized. The definition would surely change after some time, and an individual or gathering of people would make the definition relying upon what they accept, in view of their own inclinations, to be hostile. Them there is the topic of whether it truly has any kind of effect and merits occupy the hour of legislators doing combating over the choice of what will and won't be permitted. I accept that a people melodic choice doesn't emphatically impact their inclination toward brutality. Valid, tuning in to trash may ... <!

Research Proposal on Trading in Gum Arabic The WritePass Journal

Research Proposal on Trading in Gum Arabic Research Proposal on Trading in Gum Arabic Foundation Prior to the disclosure of oil in 1956, the Nigerian economy was fundamentally agrarian with 97% of fares comprising of horticultural produce like cocoa, elastic, cotton just to make reference to a couple, however tragic to express that a move in center to oil has prompted a decrease in the creation and fares of these produce which directly establishes only 26.8% of GDP. With the developing requirement for a supportable improvement of the Nigerian economy, there has emerged a need to move spotlight away from oil and focus on other salary producing divisions of the economy that can enable the remote trade to position of the nation. From 1981, there was an arrangement move towards trade advancement and a transition to heighten the utilization of neighborhood crude material in modern creation. Anyway the expansion in the estimation of imports prompted a declining of the parity of installments (with, likewise, the setting of the breakdown in world oil costs), which constrained the legisl ature to declare the financial adjustment (Temporary Provisions) act in April 1982[Inye, 2007]. Nonetheless, some  incentives have been assembled to empower interest in farming, some of which are; Finance credit Tax Holdings, Reduced Customs Charges on Imported Inputs, Technical Support through Research Institutions, Export Financing and Guarantee, Agricultural Insurance Scheme, as Export Processing Zones (EPZs), Export Processing manufacturing plants (EPFs), Export Processing towns (EPVs) and Extension Services. Be that as it may, most enhancement activities had not made a lot of progress as of not long ago; they were for the most part hampered by poor organization and incapable exchange arrangement methodology while some are still in their beginning times so their effect is yet to be critical. In 2003, a ton of assets was infused into the presidential activities on cassava which was acquainted with assemble Nigerians to completely and productively tap the possibilities of cassava which up to this point had remained to a great extent unharnessed, its system was to support th e creation of cassava for both residential utilization and for send out, this advancement prompted an expansion in the creation and fare of ethanol. Presently,Nigeriaranks as the biggest cassava maker on the planet with evaluated yearly creation of about 40million metric tons, of which about 90% is expended as food [Yisa 2009] In Nigeria, horticulture connects with larger part of poor people so the upgrades in the division is vital to pay age, government assistance improvement, destitution mitigation, food adjustment and industrialization.  With such a significant number of assets left unharnessed like; bitumen, cocoa, cassava cocoa, palm oil, sweet potatoes, cassava, sorghum, millet, corn, rice, animals, groundnuts, cotton, Gum Arabic.  A support in the flexibly side of these rural produce will perpetually expand the country’s outside trade position, make business openings and lessen overdependence on oil. This paper centers around one of these unharnessed assets that have the capability of filling in as a decent wellspring of remote trade, Gum Arabic. Gum Arabic is a natural cement created from a tree called Acacia Senegal it is a characteristic gum that radiates from the outside of Acacia trees as dry, hard knobs, with more than 1,100 Acacia species around the world, it delivers a characteristic gum made of solidified sap generally taken from three types of the acacia tree; Acacia senegal (Grade 1) which is the most noteworthy evaluation, Acacia seyal (Grade 2) and Combretum. In Nigeria, the significant Acacia used for business Gum Arabic creation are Acacia Senegal and Acacia seyal. The produce is utilized as a thickener, suspender, emulsifier, stabilizer, flavor transporter, fastener and typifying material, so it is in this way required in businesses, for example, the material, food, drink, dairy and dessert, restorative, confectionaryâ and pharmaceutical,â along these lines making the market for it very hearty. The gum has official or glue properties and as such is utilized as a decent emulsifying operator.  In food item s, it fills in as a stabilizer, emulsifier, and restricting specialist for biting gums, frozen yogurt and jams. In pharmaceuticals, the gum is a folio in capsules, tablets, pills, throat pastilles and hack drops. In material industry, it is utilized for texture hardening and as a fastener for material printing gums. In different enterprises it is utilized in delivering ink, water hues, paints, carbon papers, earthenware glace; it is additionally utilized in the plastic business. In candy store industry it is utilized for, hard gums, delicate gum and gum pastilles. The Gum Arabic tree is generally prepared for tapping 4-7 years after its foundation, tapping would then be able to proceed with consistently for in any event ten to twelve years then they are at last coppiced for kindling and charcoal when the trees are around 15 years of age. The tree’s broad establishing framework secures the land and has high possibilities of improving soil richness through between editing with arable harvests and its units are important wellsprings of domesticated animals takes care of.  Due to the capacity of the tree to withstand antagonistic natural conditions, is currently observed as a powerful weapon in the proceeded with battle against desertification and ecological corruption in the Sahelian belt of the nation, Edward (1992) expressed that  it can be planted as a windbrake or shelterbelt to diminish soil disintegration and desertification, as the tree can exist under outrageous climatic conditions, it is effectively open minded of a yearly nor mal precipitation of under 300mm and of significant precipitation and temperature varieties over wide extending of the northern sudanian †sahelian zone the nearness of a Gum Arabic ‘belt’ serves to ‘hold back’ desertification. Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) is developed in the Sahelian zone of the nation, covering 14 States of the Federation specifically Borno, Yobe, Jigawa, Bauchi, Gombe, Taraba, Plateau, Adamawa, Sokoto, Kebbi, Katsina, Zamfara, Nasarawa and Niger with an expected populace of 4 million Nigerians occupied with its development and exchange. From accessible information Africa delivers about 98% of the world prerequisite of gum Arabic,Nigeria is the second biggest maker of the yield on the planet afterSudan with a normal creation of 20,000 metric huge amounts of all evaluations of Gum Arabic.  In the year 2004, world creation of Gum Arabic was put at 70,000 metric tons while Nigerias creation added up to 18,935 metric tons with send out profit of US$88.08 million selling the crude type of the item, In 2008 alone Nigeria sent out an aggregate of 20,000 metric huge amounts of Gum Arabic evaluated at US$43.55m (N6.5325 charge) [commodity organize, 2008, refered to in, Aghughu and Mokwunye 2010], purchasers included USA, Portugal, Holland, India, Japan, UK, France, Germany, Spain, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Italy, and China.  In Anaekwe’s (2010) sentiment, the country’s current creation of around 20,000 MT is low contrasted with its latent capacity and it stands to pick up US$5.00 for each one kilogram of prepared Gum Arabic. While the Gum Arabic gives a decent wellspring of outside trade for the country on account of its high global interest, it is by and large accept that Nigeria isn't completely exploiting the enormous land accessible for the development of the item, having little from the delivering trees and at such, maybe the most ignored territory is in the zone of handling, the greater part of the item are gathered and sold as a crude as opposed to increasing the value of the item before deal. Ventures are baffled as a result of insufficiencies in framework (eminently streets, transport coordinations and the ports framework) have reliably raised the expense of working together. Basic among them is the genuine inadequacy in the gracefully of power which diligently resists arrangements. An examination on the expense of foundation disappointment inNigeriahas showed that responders had positioned power blackouts and voltage variances as among the significant deterrents to their tasks. The tremendous e xpense of creation implies thatNigeria’s produced merchandise don't have the ideal serious edge in the global markets [Inye 2007]. As per [Xinshe, Paul, 2007] Low efficiency, high transportation, advertising costs, different formal and casual exchange boundaries (both physical and institutional) and irregularities in exchange and agribusiness arrangements all add to the absence of market intensity. In other to determine a portion of these difficulties, the Gum Arabic Sector Development Program was started with the principle goals of, guaranteeing a dependable and continued gracefully of value gum arabic fromNigeria to theU.S., fortify the capacity of Nigerian partners to deliver and advertise quality gum arabic, and plant more trees so as to control ecological debasement. By and by just little has been accomplished. Aside from these national issues, ranchers are likewise confronted with specific difficulties. In the mid 1970s the gracefully of Gum Arabic was undermined by the accompanying actuality; visit conflicts between ranchers during gum assortment in Acacia field because of absence of responsibility for wild depressions and quick exhaustion of the characteristic timberland because of exercises of the locals who chop down the Acacia Senegal and Acacia Seyal pursues for fuel wood , device handles and agric actualizes just as feed and peruse for animals [Mokwunye and Aghughu 2010], directly, theâ fewâ ranchers engaged with creation, face more prominent  problem as respects  finance. The constrained access to fund accessible is known to be ruined by high financing costs and guarantee prerequisites. Long haul access to back is insufficient thus it is just the enormous worldwide firms that are probably going to get credits, while the little scope business visionaries are minimized [Inye 2007]. Consequently, in light of these requirements, the all out apparent advantages from A Senegal are subsequently deliberately weighed by the rancher against the normal returning and advantages from money cr

Steps for Validating Your Product Idea Cheap and Fast

Steps for Validating Your Product Idea Cheap and Fast Product idea validation is an essential step entrepreneurs must take before spending their time and money on a new product. While the process seems obvious, it can still be a bit of a mystery to entrepreneurs. © Shutterstock.com | LolostockThis guide will help you understand what product validation is all about and why it’s such an important part of launching a business. We’ll help you validate your product idea cheap and fast by focusing on the three essential steps: researching your market, sharing your idea, and selling your idea to others.WHAT’S PRODUCT IDEA VALIDATION?Product validation is essentially a process of using different procedures in order to check if a product meets customer requirements and fulfills its intended purpose. Product validation figures out whether the product will be something customers are looking to use. It validates the specifications of the product against customer needs. For product ideas, the process typically involves testing the product’s commercial success without necessarily building or deploying it on a large-scale.Product validation essentially involves three crucial validation processes.Feasibility testingFeasibility testing should answer the question ‘Can the product be built?’ If your product requires a lot of technical or technological expertise, it’s important to place feasibility testing at the core of the validation process.Cost calculations are an important element of product feasibility. While you might be able to build the product from a technical point of view, the production cost might be too high to sell it in the market.Usability testingUsability testing should answer the question ‘Can people figure out how to use the product?’ Depending on the complexity of the product, this can be crucial for success. If people aren’t able to understand how the product is used, they are most likely not going to love it.For usability testing to succeed, you’ll often need to have a product prototype at hand. It can be a simulated experience as well; the key is to ensure the use of the product feels as authentic to the user as possible.Desirability testingWith desirability testing, you’ll be answering the question ‘Is the product something people want to use?’ In other terms, you are evaluating the market for your product.For desirability testing, you don’t necessarily need an already manufactured product, although it can sometimes help with the process. The key is to research how the product can solve existing problems potential users might have and whether there is large enough market for the product.WHY PRODUCT VALIDATION IS IMPORTANT?When your business wants to launch a new product, you are essentially doing so based on the assumption people will love it and want it. You’re even assuming the product will work exactly as planned.Naturally, these assumptions can turn out to be wrong. The aim of product validation is to limit the risk of making wrong assumptions. As the above three testing processes showed, you are ensuring the product can be built, it will be easy to use and that customers want to use it.Limiting the risk means your business will:Save money â€" you won’t try things that aren’t cost effective or spend money building a product, which is bound to fail.Save time â€" you don’t end up focusing on unimportant aspects or talk to consumers that aren’t interested.Keep your business going â€" your product development won’t create a product no one wants.Furthermore, you’ll refine the product ideas you have without rushing into creating and launching a product. During product validation, you’ll receive direct feedback from potential users and you’ll be able to understand which features work and which don’t. This brings you on a more cost-effective route to solving the issues the product has to guarantee it is something customers will love.For example, you might not have thought about a certain user interface feature in your new app. During product validation, several customers might point this out, which allows you to include the feature in the launched product.Overall, product validation involves reaching out to the market. Shar ing your ideas with potential buyers can help create a buzz around the product. It can help you gather support and give you a boost of confidence knowing there are people liking the product. STEPS FOR VALIDATING YOUR PRODUCT IDEAStep 1: Research your marketThe first step you should take in order to validate your product idea deals with the potential market for your product. The following section will help you conduct desirability testing and partly touch on feasibility testing as well.Get an overview of the marketFirst, you should look into the potential market space. This helps you not only to understand the number of people that would want to use the product, but also whether the market is large enough to justify the costs of creating the product.When you are examining the market, find an answer to the following questions:What is the market size? Firstly, you need to analyze the size of the market. Think whether your product would fall into an existing market or whether you’d be looking to create a completely new market for the product. If so, what is your estimation for the market size? You also need to ensure the market is large enough to cover the costs of your product. You might be able to sell the product, but can you sell it to enough people? Industry reports can be a great help in validating the market size.Who are the major players? You’ll need to compete with other businesses and knowing who they are is crucial. Are you fighting in a fragmented market or does a company have a majority control? Use tools such as Google’s AdWords Keyword Planner and SimilarWeb to find out more about your competitors.What are the market entry barriers? Does the product require certain certifications in order to be launched? Are there any regulations limiting how the product is build? You should also consider any possible technical complications on your way. Furthermore, you also want to consider funding at this point. What does it take to attract funding, which c an help you launch the product? What are the pain points investors might have?Will it be easy to find suppliers? If you need suppliers to help launch your product, what does the market offer? Remember to consider foreign suppliers as well, but don’t assume going abroad will necessarily be cheaper.What sets your product apart? Naturally, you need to establish your products uniqueness. This is especially important in a crowded marketplace, as you need to analytically think why your customers might choose your product over the competitors. Remember simply answering ‘Because it’s better’ doesn’t mean anything to a consumer. You need to be able to highlight the exact reasons for your products superiority.Can a competitor replace your product? Finally, you should also think about your product’s chances of survival. The world is full of corporations, which have more resources to develop products and launch them on a mass-scale. What is stopping some of these corporations from d oing so when it comes to your product? It’s not enough to create a viable and great product; you should also know how to stop others from copying you.Understand potential demand and the mindset of a potential customerYou then need to dig deeper into the mindset of the customer. You don’t simply want to know there’s demand for the product you are making; you must understand why the demand exists.Examine who the potential clients would be? Do you have a large-scale customer base with different people interested in the product or are you operating in a niche industry? For example, if your product is a retail product, such as a food item, you will have a larger audience to scout for and you want to ensure you consider the right marketing tactics later. On the other hand, you might be operating in a niche sector, such as the arms industry, which means the customer-base is much smaller.While you are researching the customer-base, you must consider the purchasing power they have avai lable. For instance, if you are creating a food product, you must consider the price of your product and how this sits with the customers. Are you priced on the high-end and thus won’t be able to attract middle-class consumers?Map out the competition for an attractive marketOnce you’ve found a desirable market space for your product, you should take a closer look at the competition. Understanding the competition will be helpful in two different ways:First, it’ll help you figure out if a company has already done what you are trying to create. If companies are producing similar products, think carefully whether there’s room for one more player? Could you present the product better? How? If the market seems too small, consider developing your idea further. Perhaps you could tweak the product or consider a different idea altogether. Remember to research past attempts on the market. Has another business tried your idea before and failed? Understanding past failures can ensure you don’t repeat those mistakes.The second benefit deals with learning from your competitors. Companies already operating on the market would have gained insight into the market and product development. Try to analyze their business strategies and product development cycle to gain information on the best practices. This will be a great boost for your product’s feasibility testing. How have competitors solved feasibility issues? Again, research the flops and learn from those experiences.You should utilize tools such as Compete and comScore to analyze competitor website traffic. This can help understand both the potential market, as well as identify what attracts the customers.Examine the current market trendsDuring step one, you should also examine the current market trends. Yesterday’s successful companies might be suffering in today’s market. Understanding the reasons behind it can help you stay ahead.More importantly, where is consumer mood heading? Could you introduce a prod uct that is innovative and responds to customer needs bubbling under the surface? Use Google Trends data to find out about current trends and pay close attention to social media chatter.Overall, remember you don’t always need to invent a completely new product in order to succeed. Google wasn’t the world’s first search engine, but it managed to launch a product, which appealed to customers over the other alternatives already out there.Step 2: Validate your problem by sharing your ideaThe second step towards product validation is about sharing your idea with others. The focus is on usability testing and feasibility testing. But the following points will also help you with determining the desirability of your product further.Share your initial product ideaEntrepreneurs are passionate about ideas. Unfortunately, quite a few lack the conviction of taking these ideas further. We humans are quite adept at talking ourselves out of an idea, claiming ‘no one would like it’.Whether or not all of your ideas turn into reality, talking about them to others is an important part of the process. It is important because:It can help refine the target market more, as you build up your value proposition.It helps refine the product idea, as you’ll learn about the product desirability and feasibility.It helps you create a buzz around the product well before it launches.Create an effective experimentYou need to have a hypothesis for your product. This hypothesis could be something like: People are not interested in baking as it’s difficult. My product will make baking a cake easier and achievable in 15 minutes. The key is to design your product around this hypothesis. Collect feedback online with the hypothesis in mind both online and offline. In the online world, you could create a simple landing page for the product idea and analyze visitor traffic in different ways. For example:Analyse the visitors to the site and how long they spend time on the website. Measure you r social media impact.Allow people to sign up for further information.Drive relevant traffic to your website with marketing tools, such as Google Adwords or Facebook Ads. Social media is another great tool for directing traffic to a website and creating the initial buzz around the product.Note that insufficient traffic on the website will generally point out two elements:Your product doesn’t create enough interest in the marketYour marketing strategy isn’t efficientAdditionally, you could use survey websites such as SurveyMonkey and Survata for surveying potential customers. You can ask direct questions around the hypothesis and the possible problem points.Furthermore, offline feedback can be received by organizing interviews with potential customers. You can do so on the street, in supermarkets (other retail venues where your product might be sold) and different trade and retail shows.Whether you are asking for feedback online or offline, always ask for contact details of the p erson as well. This can help you create an initial list of customers, which you can use for selling the product after it’s ready to be launched.You can also share your ideas through your existing networks. If you don’t have any yet in the industry, connect with industry experts. You can find them via LinkedIn and social media sites. Creating your own consulting network, without paying a fortune, can be done. You just need to guarantee experts feel appreciated and be willing to help them in the future.Build a minimum viable product (MVP)Finally, depending on the product, you definitely want to consider building a MVP. The good news is that it isn’t as difficult anymore, thanks to technological advances such as 3D-printers. These can create realistic prototypes, which help you understand the feasibility of the product and give potential customers a more realistic view of the product.The crucial point to remember is to forget about making the perfect prototype. A MVP is not the a ctual end-product, so don’t try to force it into one. You want to receive feedback on the raw looks and the difficulties of manufacturing the product.Step 3: Selling the idea, not the actual productFinally, you should consider validating your product idea by selling your idea to the potential market, and indeed, investors. This is mainly focused on testing the desirability of your product.The key to selling the idea lies in understanding that you don’t need the product in order to sell the idea. In fact, if you are able to excite people with an idea rather than product, you have surely validated your product idea.The genius aspect of selling an idea is that you’ll end up saving quite a bit of money. In fact, you can generate enough money to kick-start your idea, before having to look for funding to create the product.How do you get people to buy into an idea rather than the finished product? You should definitely have done the previous two steps to understand your market and h ave a solid understanding of the feasibility of your product. You need to be able to paint a picture to people about the uses of your product and the benefits of the product.For selling the idea, you could either create a website for the product or use different crowd funding platforms. Either of these requires the same points: a wholesome description of the product and its benefits, together with certain guarantees of when to expect the product.Before you add a price tag to your product, you can even research what people might be willing to pay for the product. Present your idea and ask the customer to define what he or she would pay for the product. This can be an important part of feasibility testing, as you’ll be able to match what the product costs with what people would pay. It ensures you don’t end up pricing your product out of the market or end up with a product with horrible profit margins.CONCLUSIONProduct idea validation is an important step before a product launch. Considering that nearly 90% of startups fail, successful product validation can be the one element preventing your business from falling into this group. Of course, the high failure rate also tells us product validation isn’t easy. But the above steps have hopefully provided you with tools to get started. It’s important to direct your focus on ensuring you find the market for your product, test the feasibility and desirability of it, and find your audience without spending a fortune.